The prophetic writer evokes the traditional veneration for Elijah, expecting him to return in history. He will prepare the people for the coming of the Messiah, requiring the people to repent and change their ways, giving Israel one last opportunity to be ready for the promised Saviour.

The birth of John the Baptist confirms what Gabriel had told Mary when assuring her that "nothing is impossible for God". Elizabeth and Zechariah go against family tradition in naming their child John. This name is appropriate for the child of an elderly couple, as it derives from the Hebrew name Jehohanan, which means "the Lord has given graciously". But St Luke sees a deeper meaning in the name. It was chosen for the child not by his family but by God and was given to show his special role as the one given and sent by God's graciousness to prepare Israel for their Messiah; he is the last messenger spoken of in the first reading. In preparing the way for the Messiah he did more than point out Jesus to the crowds on the banks of the Jordan. Like Jesus he associated with outcasts, and his preaching had a strong concern for social justice.